My Inbox – Completed Purchase Orders

What should you take into account when creating a Fiori app?
Searching the Fiori Library, which is the Fiori Apps equivalent of the Bible or warehouse, is the first task.

I must first verify it in the Fiori library in order to fulfill my requirement, which is to develop the Purchase Order Approval App. If I get it, I’m lucky.

2. Verify that the Release Strategy functions in the Backend Server as intended.

Look it up on the Fiori Library app store.

Locate the SAPUI5 Application in Configuration and note its technical name: CA_FIORI_INBOX

Verify the system version for which you need to construct the app under Implement Information.

Have you played Fiori From Space Level?

Let’s examine what has to be done on these backend and front end servers.

Activate the Sicf service by going to the front end server: ca_fiori_inbox->sap->bc->ui5_ui5 and sicf->default_host->sapturn on

4. In the setup, observe the OData Service

That is all. We possess the names of the frontend and backend services. Proceed to the front end server and utilize the Tcode: /IWFND/MAINT_SERVICE to enable the odata services. When enabling the services, kindly check the System Aliases.

Verify your system’s alias. IW_PGW should be the system alias (extremely crucial).

5. An RFC connection ought to be used to connect the gateway server and the back-end server.
6. Back-end Server: My Workflow is now required to take center stage.

Like any other approval procedure, PO Approval depends on the workflow being operational. Nothing will function without it, so don’t bother with the app.

Now let’s experiment with workflow!

SAP Netweaver -> Content -> Workflow Settings -> Gateway Service Enablement ->Task Filter Activation->Deactivation

SAP Netweaver -> Gateway Service Enablement -> Content -> Workflow Configuration -> Preserve Task Names and Choices

To define the decisions, i.e., the approve and reject buttons, click Decision Keys.

Gateway Server: Set up your gateway system’s workflow scenario.

Choose Task Gateway Service->Scenario Definition under Gateway Service Enablement -> Content in SAP NetWeaver.

Choose an entry and give the customer a role.

Select a Task to Assign to SAP System Alias under Task Definitions.

Front end server approvals

Go to the PFCG, make a Zrole, and select the default authorization.

ID for the program: R3TR
Type of object: IWSG Services: as displayed below: and duplicate.All of these Odata Services ought to be available to the user.

9 Attach Catalog to the Role in PFCG

The standard catalogue must to be accessible to the management as well. Check out the Fiori Library’s regular catalogue role.

Workflow, services, and roles are all operational, as are the frontend and backend servers.

Please make sure the following are set up for Fiori Launchpad.

Find the standard catalog at the Fiori Library.

11 Find the Catalogue name at the Frontend Server using Tcode /n/UI2/FLPD_CUST.

Take notice of every parameter that the standard has already included in the Tiles!

To learn more about Groups, Catalogs, and Tiles, please read through the SAP Fiori Implementation Exercise from beginning to end.

Fiori Launchpad: /UI2/FLP – Designer for Fiori Launchpad

Select Plus Button

Group Home will now have your app launcher added to it. Press the Pencil button.

Select My Inbox to get started. All of the settings and configurations are finished. The purchase order is ready for approval using the My Inbox App. POs in their queues would be visible to managers who have the appropriate roles.

The technical procedures for handling workflow, configuring services, and activating them are finished. However, please read the additional instructions below if you wish to enhance the beauty of your flower (fiori) even further.

While not necessary, these are nonetheless nice to haves. After all, you and other people ought to vary in some way.

13. Theme Designer: To customize your application

Make a call from the frontend server to Tcode /ui5/theme designer.You will see this screen after logging in.

Click SAP_Bluecrystal twice. Paste the Fiori Launchpad URL into the URL to Application field. Give the application a name, then select Add.

You can add the backdrop color and background photos in the right panel.

when the embellishment and personalization are completed. Select Theme, Save, and Build.

Save

The new Theme would be connected to our Fiori App.Navigate to tcode/n/ui5/ theme_tool on the front end server, then select Info.

Look it over!

I believe this post will be useful to you as you set up the Fiori My Inbox app. It should also be possible for you to modify the Fiori Apps’ theme. Feel free to contact me if you run across any problems. I always try to respond to all of the questions that are posed to me.

you may be interested in this blog here:-

How can I see the values ​​of variables in OpenSolver as they change?

How the Digital Services Act is Shaping the Future of the SAP Community

सेल्सफोर्स सैंडबॉक्स और उनके प्रकारों का परिचय

The post Part V of the SAP Fiori Tutorial: Complete Implementation of the My Inbox – Purchase Order Approval System first appeared on TECHNICAL GYAN GURU.

A methodical way to setting up common transactions in Fiori Launchpad

A. System Validation

Prior to implementing individual apps, we must first set up the SAP Fiori System Landscape and Configure the SAP Fiori Infrastructure.

Check to see if the following components are installed in your landscape. SAP Fiori can be implemented for Business Suite (any DB or HANA) and S/4HANA, depending on your system instance and deployment options.

Front-end (which provides the user interface and the link to the back end) and back-end (which provides the data) components are needed for SAP Fiori apps.

The front-end and back-end components need to be deployed in the system landscape that has SAP Fiori enabled. They are supplied in different products.

Because it lacks a front-end server, this NetWeaver version 7.4 embedded instance operates without one. The “SAP GWFND” component is present in the back end system, where development and gateway registration are carried out.

B. Embedded Deployment Tasks List

(Set up SAP Fiori and SAP Gateway on the same client as the ERP system.)

Basic Configuration for SAP Gateway (SAP_GATEWAY_BASIC_CONFIG)

(Under SAP NetWeaver Customization, select UI Technologies -> SAP Fio.)ri Initial Setup -> Connection Settings (Front-End Server to ABAP Back-End Server) -> Activate SAP Gateway.

Configure the SAP_FIORI_LAUNCHPAD_INIT_SETUP Fiori Launchpad.

The SAP Fiori launchpad serves as both a desktop and mobile app store access point. In order for users to access the apps that have been allocated to their individual roles, you must configure the SAP Fiori launchpad.

3. In order to set up the SAP Fiori launchpad and launchpad designer, the OData and ICF services must first be activated.

Open OData Services with SAP Gateway (SAP_GATEWAY_ACTIVATE_ODATA_SERV)

Go to “/n/IWFND/MAINT_SERVICE” transaction and register the services listed below.

PAGE_BUILDER_CONF /UI2/

PAGE_BUILDER_PERS /UI2/

PAGE_BUILDER_CUST /UI2/

/UI2/INTEROP

/UI2/TRANSPORT

Turn on HTTP Services (SICF) on SAP Basis (SAP_BASIS_ACTIVATE_ICF_NODES)

Execute the Maintain Services transaction (SICF). The services under the following sub-trees can be activated from the menu under -> Service/host -> Activate ->

To activate all child nodes under a service, select Yes using the hierarchy icon in the Activation of ICF Services dialog box.

/DEFAULT HOST/SAP/BC/UI2/NWBC/ – Business Client for NetWeaver

/START_UP/SAP/BC/UI2/DEFAULT_HOST – Delivers information required for frontend shell startup.

Launch the tile application via /DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/BC/UI5_UI5/SAP/AR_SRVC_LAUNCH.

News tile application: /DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/BC/UI5_UI5/SAP/AR_SRVC_NEWS

/DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/BC/UI5_UI5/SAP/ARSRVC_UPB_ADMN – Administration Page for the Unified Shell Page Builder

UNIMAGINED SHELL /DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/BC/UI5_UI5/UI2/USHELL

Entry Point for UI2 Services: /DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/PUBLIC/BC/UI2

SAPUI5 library called over HTTP out of MIME repository is located at /DEFAULT_HOST/SAP/PUBLIC/BC/UI5_UI5.

C. How to use Fiori Launchpad’s GUI transaction configuration steps

See if the Fiori library has any standard apps. Configure the standard app if it is available; if not, follow the instructions below.

2. To build a semantic object, navigate to transaction /n/UI2/SEMOBJ_SAP.

3. To create a Launchpad role, navigate to transaction “LPD_CUST.” In order to retain target mapping in the following phase, this is necessary.

same  SCN here.

4. Create a Catalog in Fiori Launchpad Designer.

5 Designate the Target Mapping and add a tile.

Since there isn’t an analytical app displayed, choose Static Tile.

6 Assign the Tile’s Target Mapping.

This is necessary so that when the user clicks on the tile, the proper application is triggered.

7.To incorporate the Tile, .

8. create a group.Assign the business user to the group and catalog by creating a new role in the PFCG transaction.

Finally,

To incorporate the Tile, 
create a group.Assign the business user to the group and catalog by creating a new role in the PFCG transaction.

Not all SAP transactions can currently be transferred to the SAP Fiori App, which is an important note. The Transaction must have the SAPGUI for HTML enabled in order to provide a standard SAP T-Code through Fiori Launchpad. T-code SE93 allows us to verify this.

MM01 is the t-code for our case. Enter MM01 as the transaction code in t-code SE93, then press display.

December 02, 2018 update

The desktop or mobile Fiori Apps can be accessed using the SAP Fiori Launchpad. Certain customers might need to access SAP using both the launchpad for new Fiori apps and the back end for classic GUI transactions, as not all conventional apps or transactions are now available in the Fiori library. When we need to access GUI-based transactions, we frequently find this to be inefficient because we have to transfer between our mobile device and desktop.To tackle this issue, it is also possible to configure classic GUI transactions in Fiori Launchpad to provide a single point of entry for all SAP apps.

The post Configuring SAP GUI Transaction in Fiori Launchpad first appeared on TECHNICAL GYAN GURU.

We had to create a report using splitter containers and a ALV tree structure per a client request. Although handling the combination of these two may seem challenging, it is actually rather simple. We quickly constructed a prototype, and it was flawless.

The basic programming skeleton of the prototype described below can be improved in a number of ways, but it should not change. We discovered certain hotly debated subjects online as we developed, and I’ve tried to hone in on them and address them in this piece.

Goal

This article’s goal is to clarify the usage of the TREE MODEL (TREE_STRUCTURE) and SPLITTER CONTAINER in OOPs ABAP report generation that integrates standard events.

The second, and more significant goal, is to permanently dispel our phobia of using Splitter Containers and Tree Models.

Range

• This article addresses the following typical issues that developers run into:
• When divided into many sub-containers, the custom container can be used to fill the entire screen.
• Registering custom events using the tree model’s standard events
• Customize splitter container widths.

Overview

The report with two containers in the list screen is displayed using the code that follows. The tree model is intended to be contained in the left panel container, while the contents of the left panel document will be displayed in the right container in response to a double click. This example shows how to design a tree structure using sales orders and sales contracts as the antecedent documents. Certain selection screen criteria can be applied to these sales orders in order to choose them. When the leaf node is clicked, the system will show the sales order data in the appropriate container in an ALV format (fig. 1).

fig. – 1

Program Structure

Step I: Declare all necessary tables and structures
Step II: Declare the references to the different classes
Step III: Event class definition
Step IV: Putting the Event Class into Practice
Step V: The Choosing Screen
Step-VI: Subroutine to obtain the fundamental data for the tree model
Step VII: Design of the Screen
Step VIII: Module for creating different classes of objects. (In the output screen’s PBO)
Step IX: The event registration module. (In the output screen’s PBO)
Step X: The output processing module. (In the output screen’s PBO)

Step-I: Declare all required structures and tables

Tables: vbak,vbap,vbfa.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&            Structures and Table Declarations
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
Data: ls_vbak type vbak,
lt_vbak type table of vbak,
ls_vbap type vbap,
lt_vbap type table of vbap.

Types: begin of ty_vbfa,
vbelv type vbfa-vbelv, "Preceding SD Document
posnv type vbfa-posnv, "Preceding SD Document Item Number
vbeln type vbfa-vbeln, "Subsequent SD Document
posnn type vbfa-posnn, "Subsequent SD Document Item Number
vbtyp_n type vbfa-vbtyp_n, "Subsequent Document Category
vbtyp_v type vbfa-vbtyp_v, "Preceding Document Category
end of ty_vbfa.

Data: ls_vbfa type ty_vbfa,
lt_vbfa type table of ty_vbfa.

Data: ls_vbfa_copy type ty_vbfa,
lt_vbfa_copy type table of ty_vbfa.

Types: begin of ty_vbak,
vbeln type vbak-vbeln,  "Contract Number
audat type vbak-audat,  "Document Date
ernam type vbak-ernam,  "Name of Person who Created the Object
auart type vbak-auart,  "Sales Document Type
end of ty_vbak.

Data: ls_vbak_cont type ty_vbak,
lt_vbak_cont type table of ty_vbak.

Step II: Declare the references to the different classes

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&            Type Reference of Various Classes
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
Data: ref_split type ref to cl_gui_splitter_container,
ref_cust  type ref to cl_gui_custom_container,
ref_alv1  type ref to cl_gui_alv_grid,
ref_alv2  type ref to cl_gui_alv_grid,
ref_cont1 type ref to cl_gui_container,
ref_cont2 type ref to cl_gui_container.
Data: ref_tree  type ref to cl_simple_tree_model.

Step – III: Definition of event class

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&                       Event Class
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
class lcl_event_handler definition.
public section.
methods: node_dc for event node_double_click of cl_simple_tree_model
importing node_key sender.
endclass.

Step – IV: Implementation of Event Class

class lcl_event_handler implementation.
method: node_dc.

Data: lt_children type tm_nodekey,
v_so        type vbeln,
v_item      type posnr.

Data: ls_layout type lvc_s_layo.
* 'sender' is an implicit event parameter that is provided by
* ABAP Objects runtime system. It contains a reference to the
* object that fired the event. You may directly use it to
* call methods of this instance.

CALL METHOD SENDER->NODE_GET_LAST_CHILD
EXPORTING
NODE_KEY       = node_key
IMPORTING
CHILD_NODE_KEY = lt_children.

* ‘Level_count’ in expand_node method determines in which level of the tree
* we want the double_click method to be triggered.

if lt_children is not initial.
CALL METHOD SENDER->EXPAND_NODE
EXPORTING
NODE_KEY            = node_key
LEVEL_COUNT         = 2.
endif.

split node_key at space into v_so v_item.

refresh: lt_vbap.

select * from vbap
into table lt_vbap
where vbeln = v_so.

if sy-subrc = 0.

ls_layout-grid_title = text-002.
ls_layout-zebra      = 'X'.
ls_layout-smalltitle = ''.
ls_layout-cwidth_opt = 'X'.

CALL METHOD REF_ALV2->SET_TABLE_FOR_FIRST_DISPLAY
EXPORTING
I_STRUCTURE_NAME              = 'VBAP'
IS_LAYOUT                     = ls_layout
CHANGING
IT_OUTTAB                     = lt_vbap.

CALL METHOD REF_ALV2->REFRESH_TABLE_DISPLAY.

endif.

endmethod.
endclass.

Step – V:  Selection Screen

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&                   Selection Screen
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
selection-screen: begin of block b1 with frame title text-001.
select-options: s_vbeln for vbak-vbeln, "Document Number
s_audat for vbak-audat, "Document Date
s_ernam for vbak-ernam. "Name who Created the Object
selection-screen: end of block b1.

Step-VI: Subroutine to obtain the fundamental data for the tree model

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&                   Start Of Selection
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
start-of-selection.
perform Get_Data.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Form  GET_DATA
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       Get All the display relevant Data for Tree Structure
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM GET_DATA .

select vbeln audat ernam auart
from vbak
into table lt_vbak_cont
where vbeln in s_vbeln and
audat in s_audat and
ernam in s_ernam.

if sy-subrc <> 0.
message E001(ZMSG) with 'No Record Found' display like 'I'.
elseif sy-subrc = 0.

select vbelv posnv vbeln posnn vbtyp_n vbtyp_v
from vbfa
into table lt_vbfa
for all entries in lt_vbak_cont
where vbelv = lt_vbak_cont-vbeln and
vbtyp_n = 'C' and
vbtyp_v = 'G'.

if lt_vbfa is initial.
message E002(ZMSG) with 'No Subsequent Record Found' display like 'I'.
else.
select * from vbak
into table lt_vbak
for all entries in lt_vbfa
where vbeln = lt_vbfa-vbeln.

select * from vbap
into table lt_vbap
for all entries in lt_vbak
where vbeln = lt_vbak-vbeln.

endif.
endif.
ENDFORM.

Step – VII: Screen Design

call screen 0100.

* The container should be drawn as large as possible. Also, the Lines/columns in the attributes tab of the screen painter are to be filled with the value 240 to get the full-screen splitter container.

Step – VIII: Module for object creation of various classes. (In PBO of output screen)

Create one module in the flow logic of the screen.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Module  OBJECT_CREATION  OUTPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       Object Creation for Classes
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
MODULE OBJECT_CREATION OUTPUT.

CREATE OBJECT REF_CUST
EXPORTING
CONTAINER_NAME    = 'SPLIT_CONT'.

CREATE OBJECT REF_SPLIT
EXPORTING
PARENT            = ref_cust
ROWS              = 1
COLUMNS           = 2.

CALL METHOD REF_SPLIT->GET_CONTAINER
EXPORTING
ROW       = 1
COLUMN    = 1
RECEIVING
CONTAINER = ref_cont1.

The SET_COLUMN_WIDTH method can be used to change the splitter container’s width. As needed, pass the breadth.

CALL METHOD REF_SPLIT->SET_COLUMN_WIDTH
EXPORTING
ID                = 1
WIDTH             = 22.

CALL METHOD REF_SPLIT->GET_CONTAINER
EXPORTING
ROW       = 1
COLUMN    = 2
RECEIVING
CONTAINER = ref_cont2.

CREATE OBJECT REF_TREE
EXPORTING
NODE_SELECTION_MODE   = cl_simple_tree_model=>node_sel_mode_single.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->CREATE_TREE_CONTROL
EXPORTING
PARENT                = ref_cont1.

CREATE OBJECT REF_ALV2
EXPORTING
I_PARENT  = ref_cont2.

ENDMODULE.                 " OBJECT_CREATION  OUTPUT

Step – IX: Module for event registration. (In PBO of output Screen)

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Module  EVENT_REGISTRATION  OUTPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       Double Click Event Registration

*§4a. Frontend registration(i):  get already registered tree events.
*................................................................
* The following four tree events registers ALV Tree in the constructor
* method itself.
*    - cl_gui_column_tree=>eventid_expand_no_children
* (needed to load data to frontend when a user expands a node)
*    - cl_gui_column_tree=>eventid_header_context_men_req
* (needed for header context menu)
*    - cl_gui_column_tree=>eventid_header_click
* (allows selection of columns (only when item selection activated))
*   - cl_gui_column_tree=>eventid_item_keypress
* (needed for F1-Help (only when item selection activated))
*
* Nevertheless you have to provide their IDs again if you register
* additional events with SET_REGISTERED_EVENTS (see below).
* To do so, call first method  GET_REGISTERED_EVENTS (this way,
* all already registered events remain registered, even your own):

* (If you do not these events will be deregistered!!!).
* You do not have to register events of the toolbar again.
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
MODULE EVENT_REGISTRATION OUTPUT.
Data: lt_events type cntl_simple_events,
ls_event type cntl_simple_event.

Data: event_handler type ref to lcl_event_handler.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->GET_REGISTERED_EVENTS
IMPORTING
EVENTS = lt_events.

ls_event-eventid = cl_simple_tree_model=>eventid_node_double_click.
append ls_event to lt_events.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->SET_REGISTERED_EVENTS
EXPORTING
EVENTS                    = lt_events.

create object event_handler.
set handler event_handler->node_dc for ref_tree.

ENDMODULE.                 " EVENT_REGISTRATION  OUTPUT

Step – X: Module for output processing. (In PBO of output Screen)

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*&      Module  PROCESSING_OUTPUT  OUTPUT
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*       Processing Output of the Table
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
MODULE PROCESSING_OUTPUT OUTPUT.

Data: ls_node type treemsnodt.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->ADD_NODE
EXPORTING
NODE_KEY                = 'ROOT'
ISFOLDER                = 'X'
TEXT                    = 'Orders'
EXPANDER                = 'X'.

loop at lt_vbak into ls_vbak.

ls_node-node_key = ls_vbak-vbeln.

concatenate 'Sales Order#' ':' ls_vbak-vbeln
into ls_node-text
separated by space.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->ADD_NODE
EXPORTING
NODE_KEY                = ls_node-node_key
RELATIVE_NODE_KEY       = 'ROOT'
RELATIONSHIP            = cl_simple_tree_model=>relat_last_child
ISFOLDER                = 'X'
TEXT                    = ls_node-text
EXPANDER                = 'X'.

endloop.

loop at lt_vbap into ls_vbap.

concatenate ls_vbap-vbeln ls_vbap-posnr
into ls_node-node_key
separated by space.

ls_node-relatkey = ls_vbap-vbeln.

concatenate ls_vbap-posnr ls_vbap-matnr
into ls_node-text
separated by space.

CALL METHOD REF_TREE->ADD_NODE
EXPORTING
NODE_KEY                = ls_node-node_key
RELATIVE_NODE_KEY       = ls_node-relatkey
RELATIONSHIP            = cl_simple_tree_model=>relat_last_child
ISFOLDER                = ''
TEXT                    = ls_node-text
EXPANDER                = ''.

endloop.
ENDMODULE.                 " PROCESSING_OUTPUT  OUTPUT

Change the design, but feel free to copy or refer to the included code. I would prefer to advise using the local class to help construct the complete report, or at the very least, using some modularization techniques. I utilized several PBO modules, which is strongly discouraged for any real-time object.

There are numerous different methods for creating tree topologies. There are a ton of documents available online. I chose the most straightforward method (the class name is, ironically, “cl_simple_tree_model”).Splitter containers have been extensively studied, although they are rarely utilized unless there are very particular needs.But all this claim is “Old wine in a new bottle,” that is all. I hope this eliminates our reluctance to use tree models and splitter containers.

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The post OOP Report Applying ALV Tree Combination and Splitter first appeared on TECHNICAL GYAN GURU.

Understanding Core Data Services (CDS) Views

Core Data Services (CDS) are a framework provided by SAP for defining and consuming semantically rich data models. Unlike traditional database views, CDS views are designed to provide a higher level of abstraction and integrate seamlessly with SAP HANA’s advanced capabilities. They are essential for enabling real-time analytics and creating robust data models.

Key Features of CDS Views:

1. Semantic Layer: CDS views offer a layer of abstraction that describes the data in a business context, making it easier to interpret and use.
2. Performance Optimization: Built-in capabilities for performance optimization such as data buffering and aggregation.
3. Reusability: CDS views can be reused across various applications, reducing redundancy and ensuring consistency.

Integrating CDS Views with KPI Fiori Apps

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are critical for monitoring the health and performance of business processes. Fiori apps, with their user-friendly interface and real-time capabilities, provide a powerful platform for visualizing and interacting with KPIs. Integrating CDS views with KPI Fiori apps involves several key steps:

1. Defining CDS Views

To start, you need to define the CDS views that will serve as the data source for your KPIs. These views should encapsulate the relevant metrics and dimensions necessary for performance tracking.

Steps to Define CDS Views:

• Identify Requirements: Determine the specific KPIs and the data requirements for each. This includes understanding the key metrics, dimensions, and any necessary calculations.
• Create CDS Views: Use the SAP HANA Studio or Eclipse to define your CDS views. Utilize CDS annotations to enhance functionality, such as defining analytical capabilities or specifying data aggregations.

sqlCopy code@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZMYKPI_VIEW'
@EndUserText.label: 'My KPI View'
define view Z_MY_KPI_VIEW as select from some_table {
    key field1,
    field2,
    sum(field3) as total_field3
}
group by field1, field2

2. Exposing CDS Views as OData Services

CDS views need to be exposed as OData services to be consumed by Fiori apps. This step bridges the gap between the backend data models and the frontend user interface.

Steps to Expose CDS Views:

• Create OData Service: Use SAP Gateway to create an OData service based on your CDS views. This involves defining the service, mapping the CDS view fields to the OData properties, and configuring any necessary metadata.
• Activate Service: Ensure that the OData service is activated and available for consumption. This is typically done through the SAP Gateway Service Builder (transaction SEGW).

abapCopy code@OData.publish: true
define view Z_MY_KPI_ODATA as select from Z_MY_KPI_VIEW {
    field1,
    field2,
    total_field3
}

3. Configuring KPI Tiles in Fiori Launchpad

With your OData service in place, the next step is to configure KPI tiles within the Fiori Launchpad. This involves defining how the KPIs are displayed and interacted with by end users.

Steps to Configure KPI Tiles:

• Create KPI Tile: Use the Fiori Launchpad Designer to create and configure KPI tiles. Specify the OData service as the data source and configure properties such as target values, thresholds, and visual representation.
• Set Up KPI Tile Properties: Define how the KPI values are calculated and displayed. This includes setting up alerts for threshold breaches and ensuring the KPI tiles provide actionable insights.

jsonCopy code{
    "type": "KPI",
    "dataSource": "/sap/opu/odata/sap/Z_MY_KPI_ODATA/",
    "targetValue": {
        "value": "total_field3",
        "format": "Number"
    },
    "thresholds": [
        {
            "value": "1000",
            "color": "Red"
        },
        {
            "value": "500",
            "color": "Yellow"
        }
    ]
}

4. Testing and Validation

Before rolling out your KPI Fiori apps, thorough testing is essential to ensure that the KPIs are accurate and the data is represented correctly.

Testing Checklist:

• Data Accuracy: Verify that the data in the KPI tiles matches the data from the CDS views.
• Performance: Test the performance of the OData service and KPI tiles to ensure they meet performance benchmarks.
• User Experience: Validate the usability of the KPI tiles in the Fiori Launchpad. Ensure they are intuitive and provide clear, actionable insights.

5. Continuous Monitoring and Improvement

Post-deployment, it’s crucial to continuously monitor and refine your KPIs and CDS views. This ensures that the KPIs remain relevant and the data continues to meet business needs.

Continuous Improvement Strategies:

• Monitor Performance: Regularly review the performance of KPI tiles and OData services. Optimize as necessary to maintain responsiveness and accuracy.
• Update KPIs: Adjust KPIs based on evolving business objectives and user feedback.
• Enhance Data Models: Refine CDS views to incorporate new business logic or data requirements as they emerge.

Best Practices for Using CDS Views in KPI Fiori Apps

To maximize the benefits of integrating CDS views with KPI Fiori apps, adhere to the following best practices:

1. Ensure Data Quality: High-quality data is essential for accurate KPIs. Regularly audit and cleanse data to maintain integrity.
2. Optimize Performance: Use efficient CDS view definitions and optimize OData services to ensure swift data retrieval and presentation.
3. User-Centric Design: Focus on user experience by designing KPI tiles that are intuitive and provide clear, actionable insights.
4. Documentation: Maintain thorough documentation of CDS views, OData services, and KPI configurations to facilitate easier maintenance and troubleshooting.

Conclusion

Integrating CDS views with KPI Fiori apps for Smart Business Services empowers organizations to harness the full potential of their data. By following the outlined steps and best practices, businesses can achieve enhanced visibility into performance metrics, drive better decision-making, and ultimately, foster improved operational efficiency.

Embracing this approach not only aligns with modern data management principles but also sets the stage for continued innovation and success in an increasingly data-driven world.

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In today’s digital era, optimizing user experience is crucial for enhancing business processes and operational efficiency. SAP Fiori represents a significant advancement in this realm, offering a modern, role-based approach to user interfaces within SAP systems. This blog post provides a comprehensive overview of SAP Fiori from a strategic, space-level perspective, exploring its core functionalities, benefits, and integration possibilities. By understanding SAP Fiori at this high level, organizations can better appreciate how it transforms user interaction and boosts overall productivity.

What is SAP Fiori? Unpacking the Concept

At its core, SAP Fiori is a design framework that redefines the user experience for SAP applications. By integrating modern design principles with SAP’s powerful backend systems, SAP Fiori offers a streamlined, intuitive interface that significantly enhances usability. It focuses on delivering a consistent and responsive experience across various devices, whether on desktop, tablet, or mobile.

SAP Fiori is built on the principle of simplicity, aiming to simplify user interactions with complex SAP systems. It achieves this by providing role-based access, which ensures that users see only the information and functionalities relevant to their specific roles. This tailored approach not only improves efficiency but also reduces the learning curve associated with traditional SAP interfaces.

Exploring the SAP Fiori Apps Library: A Treasure Trove of Functionality

The SAP Fiori Apps Library is a central component of the SAP Fiori ecosystem, offering a comprehensive repository of pre-built applications designed to meet diverse business needs. This library categorizes applications into three main types: transactional apps, analytical apps, and fact sheets.

Transactional apps facilitate daily business tasks such as processing orders or managing inventory. They streamline these processes by offering a simplified and user-friendly interface. Analytical apps, on the other hand, provide insights and reports based on real-time data, enabling informed decision-making. Fact sheets offer detailed information on business objects, such as customers or products, giving users a comprehensive view of critical data.

By leveraging the SAP Fiori Apps Library, organizations can quickly identify and deploy applications that align with their business requirements. This library not only accelerates implementation but also ensures that users have access to the tools they need to perform their roles effectively.

Navigating the SAP Fiori Library: An Essential Guide

The SAP Fiori Library, accessible via the SAP Fiori Launchpad, serves as the gateway to exploring and managing SAP Fiori applications. This library provides a user-friendly interface that allows users to search for, explore, and launch various applications based on their roles and needs.

Users can browse through the SAP Fiori Library by categories or use the search functionality to find specific apps. Each application in the library is accompanied by detailed information, including its purpose, functionalities, and prerequisites. Administrators can also use the library to manage application deployment, configure settings, and monitor performance.

Effective navigation of the SAP Fiori Library is crucial for maximizing the benefits of SAP Fiori. By familiarizing themselves with the library’s features and functionalities, users and administrators can ensure a seamless experience and optimize their use of SAP Fiori applications.

The Role-Based Approach: Tailoring SAP Fiori to User Needs

A defining feature of SAP Fiori is its role-based approach, which tailors the user experience to specific roles within an organization. This approach ensures that users see only the information and functionalities relevant to their responsibilities, reducing complexity and improving efficiency.

For instance, a finance manager might have access to applications related to financial reporting and budget management, while a sales representative would see applications focused on sales orders and customer interactions. This targeted presentation of information helps users focus on their tasks without being overwhelmed by irrelevant data or features.

By adopting a role-based approach, SAP Fiori enhances productivity and streamlines workflows. Users can complete tasks more efficiently, and organizations can benefit from a more organized and user-centric interface.

SAP Fiori Login: Accessing Your Applications Securely

Accessing SAP Fiori applications involves a straightforward login process designed to ensure secure and personalized access. The SAP Fiori login page is the entry point to the SAP Fiori Launchpad, where users can access their assigned applications and services.

Users need to enter their credentials, including a username and password, to log in. Depending on the organization’s security protocols, additional authentication methods such as single sign-on (SSO) or two-factor authentication (2FA) may be required. Once logged in, users are directed to the SAP Fiori Launchpad, where they can access their role-specific applications and begin their tasks.

The SAP Fiori login process is designed to provide both security and convenience, ensuring that users can easily access their applications while maintaining the integrity of the system.

Design Principles of SAP Fiori: Enhancing User Experience

SAP Fiori’s design principles are foundational to its success in transforming user experiences. These principles include simplicity, coherence, and responsiveness, each contributing to a more effective and engaging interface.

Simplicity is about reducing complexity by presenting only the necessary information and actions. Coherence ensures a consistent look and feel across all applications, making it easier for users to navigate and use different apps. Responsiveness guarantees that applications work seamlessly across various devices and screen sizes.

By adhering to these design principles, SAP Fiori delivers a user experience that is both visually appealing and highly functional. This focus on user-centric design helps organizations achieve higher levels of user satisfaction and operational efficiency.

Integrating SAP Fiori with Existing Systems: Best Practices

Integrating SAP Fiori with existing SAP systems is a critical step in realizing its full potential. Effective integration ensures that SAP Fiori applications can interact seamlessly with other SAP modules and data sources, providing a unified user experience.

Organizations should work closely with their IT teams or SAP consultants to facilitate integration. This process may involve setting up interfaces, configuring data exchanges, and testing application performance. Successful integration allows organizations to leverage SAP Fiori’s capabilities fully, enhancing their overall SAP ecosystem.

Best practices for integration include thorough planning, comprehensive testing, and ongoing monitoring. By following these practices, organizations can ensure that their SAP Fiori implementation is smooth and effective.

Future Trends in SAP Fiori: What to Expect

As technology continues to evolve, so too does SAP Fiori. Future trends in SAP Fiori may include advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and advanced analytics. These innovations aim to further enhance user experience by providing intelligent recommendations, predictive insights, and automated workflows.

Additionally, SAP Fiori is likely to continue its focus on mobile and cloud-based solutions, enabling users to access applications and data from anywhere and on any device. Staying informed about these trends will help organizations remain competitive and fully leverage the capabilities of SAP Fiori.

Conclusion

SAP Fiori represents a significant leap forward in user experience design for SAP applications. By providing a modern, role-based, and responsive interface, SAP Fiori enhances productivity and user satisfaction. Understanding SAP Fiori from a high-level perspective helps organizations appreciate its transformative impact on business operations.

From exploring the SAP Fiori Apps Library to integrating with existing systems, SAP Fiori offers a range of features and benefits designed to optimize user interactions and streamline processes.

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Fiori is at the forefront with S/4HANA.Additionally, in order to create SAP Fiori Applications, ABAP engineers must transform into stunning butterflies in order to sip the delightful nectar of the Fiori blossoms.

Paradoxically, the comparison is ideal. For SAP ABAP Developers, there is a paradigm shift from the dull blue SAP screen to the stunning Fiori Applications. Core Data Services (CDS) is the cornerstone of S/4HANA, and one of its pillars is the ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori. The three SAP programming languages of the future are expected to be CDS, BOPF, and OData. Thus, it is imperative that we begin studying these subjects.

It is something you cannot escape, even if you attempt to put it off as long as you can. We are aware that change can be challenging, but we will do our best to make the switch from the outdated ABAP Develper to the newest ABAP Programmer for Fiori as easy and enjoyable as possible. We have attempted to develop a crash course tutorial series in this brief series, which is a summary of several books released by SAP Press and SCN blog entries, so you can understand it quickly. In order to assist you in comprehending, learning, and using these new areas as soon as possible, we have kept all of the articles brief, sharp, and to the point.

The book that was released states that the “ABAP Programming model for Fiori supports the development of OData services optimized for SAP HANA for SAP Fiori applications. It covers analytical, transactional, and search application scenarios and is based on Core Data Services (CDS) Views.” The two main applications of the ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori are Read-Only Applications and Transactional Applications.

For read-only applications, all that is required is an underlying CDS data model and application-specific analytics or search annotations. The CDS data model and related annotations are then made available as an OData service via the Service Adaptation Description Language (SADL).

The creation of a Business Object Processing Framework (BOPF) Business Object is necessary for Transactional Applications in addition to Read-Only Applications. This is because BOPF Actions, Validations, and Determinations handle additional business logic in addition to handling Create, Update, and Delete operations.

Okay, so Technicalgyanguru wouldn’t be necessary if we typed every word that was in the book.This brings us to our explanations. Real-world tasks require two different kinds of apps.First, we simply retrieve information from the

Selecting the SAP Fiori App

The journey begins with selecting the right SAP Fiori app for your needs. The SAP Fiori apps reference library is an extensive repository that provides detailed information about available Fiori apps, including functionality, prerequisites, and compatibility. To start:

1. Access the SAP Fiori Apps Reference Library: Navigate to the SAP Fiori apps reference library on the SAP Support Portal or SAP Fiori launchpad.
2. Search and Filter: Use search and filter options to locate the specific app you need. This could be based on functionality, industry, or system requirements.
3. Review App Details: Examine the app’s description, prerequisites, and any related documentation to ensure it meets your requirements.

Planning Installation with Maintenance Planner

Once you’ve selected the app, the next step is to plan the installation using the Maintenance Planner. This tool is instrumental in preparing for system updates and new installations.

Steps for Planning Installation:

1. Log into Maintenance Planner: Access the Maintenance Planner through the SAP Support Portal. Ensure you have the necessary authorizations to perform planning tasks.
2. Create a New Maintenance Plan: Start by creating a new maintenance plan for your installation or update project.
3. Add System Information: Input details about your existing systems and the new components or updates you plan to install. Maintenance Planner will use this information to generate a comprehensive plan.
4. Analyze System Compatibility: Maintenance Planner checks for compatibility between your current system landscape and the new changes, ensuring that all components will work together seamlessly.
5. Generate Stack XML: Use Maintenance Planner to generate a consolidated stack XML file that outlines all planned changes. This file will guide the installation process and ensure all components are correctly applied.

Installing and Updating the System

With your plan in place, you can proceed to install or update the system. The installation process generally involves:

1. Download Required Files: Maintenance Planner allows you to push all necessary files for the installation into a download basket in a single step, streamlining the file acquisition process.
2. Install Components: Use the Software Update Manager (SUM) to apply the stack XML and install the new components or updates. Follow the guided steps provided by SUM to ensure a smooth installation.
3. Post-Installation Checks: After installation, perform necessary post-installation steps, such as applying any required configuration changes or running validation checks.

Advantages of Using Maintenance Planner

1. Consolidated Planning: Maintenance Planner enables consolidated planning by generating a stack XML that includes all planned landscape changes. This holistic view simplifies managing updates and ensures that all components are correctly synchronized.

2. Support for New System Installations: The tool supports the installation of new systems, making it easier to integrate new components into your existing landscape. It helps in ensuring that new installations are seamlessly incorporated.

3. Streamlined File Management: Maintenance Planner simplifies file management by allowing you to push all required files for the installation into a single download basket. This reduces the complexity of file handling and minimizes the risk of missing critical files.

Conclusion

The integration of SAP Fiori apps into your system landscape can significantly enhance user experience and operational efficiency. By leveraging the SAP Fiori apps reference library and the Maintenance Planner, you streamline the process of selecting, planning, and installing these apps. Maintenance Planner’s consolidated planning, support for new installations, and efficient file management capabilities offer substantial benefits, making system updates and installations more manageable and effective.

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I have created a series of questions and answers from my study notes in the hopes that these may assist the deserving candidate who wants to ace the interview for his next project/job. Although you still need to thoroughly comprehend each topic to have a firm grasp of the principles, this quick Q&A may help you review and assess your knowledge.

Q1. SAP Fiori LaunchPad Benefits

Adaptability

Device Assistance

Independent of Platform

Support for Browsers

coherent in character

Combination

Open norm

Record-keeping

First, decide which view (the default view) to load into the app control.

Step 2: Add the view’s object (page) to the app to make the view aware of it.

We return the main view’s object in the createContent method. that is, the page

3. How Do I Make a Control in the User Interface?

The process involves creating an event for a control (such as a button), defining it in the controller, and then adding the control to the page.

Q4. Using the API to switch to a different view?

Answer app.to

Q5. How can I obtain the object’s runtime instance in order to access the control’s object?

The answer is sap.ui.getCore.byId (“”).

6. Explain the SAP UI5 Framework.

A framework for creating responsive web applications is SAP UI5. Performance has nothing to do with responsiveness; responsiveness is the capacity of a program to adjust to any type of device. It provides a consistent user experience on all platforms (various browsers and devices).

A framework is made up of libraries; libraries contain classes, and classes contain methods.

Q7. UI technology evolution

Q8. Explain the SAP UI5’s design-time and run-time components.

Yes, in fact. Typically, a framework is made up of two kinds of libraries, each of which has two components: Design-time The SAP UI5 component includes all of the classes, frameworks, and functionalities needed to build any kind of application from the ground up.

The Fiori application is executed by the SAP UI5 run-time component, which also includes a renderer that converts the application code into a format that is readable by browsers (such as HTML5, CSS, and JS).

Q9. What are the steps involved in creating an application in any programming language?

Bootstrap in UI5 –

1 Initialization – Load required dependencies \script id=”sap-ui-bootstrap” src = “sap-ui-core.js” = “sap.m”; data-sap-ui-libs;With theme “sap_bluecrystal,” data-sap-ui
In the tag of the HTML document, specify class=”sapUiBody” to make the theme active on the page.

2. Declaration – Program Data Variables – Create User Interface Control new libraryName = var var_name.ClassName(sId, sProperties); sId: your UI control's unique ID sProperties: To configure control attributes, use control properties. inside braces with curls.

( ) – curly braces [] – parenthesis { } – bracket

3. The real program logic, also known as orchestration logic, which includes manipulation, IF, loops, calls, and user display control

PlaceAt(“id of control”) for ObjectContro ;

4. Output: Present the user’s output.
5. Tidying Up

Q10. How can the Bootstrap for UI5 framework be loaded so that it can function offline?

Observe the index.html file’s syntax:

The rationale is that all UI5 Framework Libraries are pre-installed on Orion Server, which powers the WebIDE local installation. We define neo-app.json, which serves as an interface between Orion Server ->> Resources (test) to load the framework and use the libraries within.

Q11. How to load the Bootstrap for UI5 framework to work in the Offline Mode?

Reason being: Since the WebIDE local installation runs on Orion Server, which has all UI5 Framework Libraries pre-existing in the Server. To access the libraries in the framework, we define neo-app.json which acts as an interface between Orion Server ->> Resources ( test ) to load the framework.

Q11. Define structure of a Web Application / HTML page?

Every web application that a browser can comprehend is always an HTML page, also known as a static webpage. An HTML page is the typical web application page’s structure.

<html>
                <head>
                                ( * creation of control )
                </head>
                <body>
                                ( * place the control in the body )
                </body>
<html>

12. What is the SAP WEB IDE?

Yes. Developers can construct and extend Fiori Apps using the SAP WebIDE Integrated Development Environment (IDE).

• Developing Fiori Apps is made simpler by employing pre-made templates.
• To expand Fiori Applications, use the Extensibility Pane.
• Numerous choices for deployment.
• permits group repository sharing. Git repository
• can use any device to access it from anywhere. No local footprint; installation must be done locally.

Q13. What is HTML?

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language which is created by W3C = World Wide Web Consortium who is responsible for defining HTML tags and versions. All browser vendors like Chrome, IE, Firefox, Safari.

It is used to create static web pages.

HTML is not a programming language. It is based on tags, if we follow the approach, we can create a static webpage using these standard tags. E.g. button, input, datalist, li, ul, h1, table … etc.

Important Points to be noted:

• HTML is not case-sensitive
• Browser directly understand HTML
• User can only see content in browser provided it is kept in body of HTML
• Every HTML element can have ID property. Developer should make sure that ID is always unique.
• Html elements can also have name, class (classification) property, which doesn’t needs to be unique.
• Difference between HTML and HTML5?
  • HTML5 is just the advancement of HTML, it was released in year 2014.
  • HTML5 is labral in nature
    • Even we put something in head of html, it will be visible to user. Ideally we should not do that.4
  • Declaration of DOCTYPE

Older version example <!DOCTYPE html DND_VERSION=“XHTML/4.02” HTMLSCHEMA=“htmlns”>

<!DOCTYPE html> à tells the file that it’s an html page

• For some of the tags in HTML5, we don’t need to put ending tag e.g. img, input
  • New elements introduced to define proper structure of the website like header, footer, article, section etc.
  • Direct support for Audio and Video tags in HTML5, before that plug-in support was needed in browsers

Q14. Difference between HTML5 and SAP UI5?

Q15. Difference between Open UI5 and SAP UI5?

• The most widely used libraries for user consumption are included in Open UI5, which is a subset of SAP UI5.
• While SAP UI5 is a licensed product that is included with SAP Netweaver or SCP (SAP Cloud Platform, formerly known as HCP – HANA Cloud Platform), Open UI5 is available as open source under the Apache 2.0 license.

Q16: In HTML, what is a metatag?

It shows the HTML page’s metadata. (For additional information about attributes, visit www.w3cshools.com.)
Features of a metatag include:
Encoding type: aids the user in determining the appropriate character type
Author: Keyword generated content that appears in a metatag for search engine optimization
Description: An overview of the websites found in search engine

Q17. What do HTML List tags mean?

Data sequences are displayed using list tags.

Two categories of list tags exist:

List not in order: <ul></ul>
List in order: <o></o>

Q18: What elements are at the block level?

The HTML content is correctly structured through the usage of block level components. These components don’t take up any space on the page. Two kinds of elements at the block level:

div stands for division tag.

It begins automatically with a new line.
used to assemble or form a block of components.
span is an inline element.

It doesn’t begin with a new line.
It encloses a preexisting HTML component.

Question19: What is the Document Object Model, or DOM?

The process by which a browser transforms HTML into a tree data structure is called Document Object Model, or DOM. HTML’s runtime structure in a browser.

20 What does HTML table structure mean? Q20.

Q21: What is the <iframe> tag?

<iframe> tag in HTML is used to embed another HTML document.

<iframe href=“(reference of the HTML document)” width=“” height=“”></iframe>

Q22: What is CSS?

Cascading Style Sheet is what CSS stands for. The styling of an HTML element is accomplished by using CSS, which keeps style code and HTML code apart. Three approaches to using CS
1. Inline style is similar to styling at the element level. Overuse of code

Syntax:

                <style>
                                selector : {
                                                prop: value;
                                                prop: value
                                }
                </style>

3. External Style

23: What’s Inline Styling?

All of the elements defined in the tag are styled at the element level or tag level using inline styling. Therefore, it is not possible to apply style to every element if there are several. Then, we employ Internal Style.

Q25 Can you explain responsive web design?

Web design that automatically adjusts to the size of the screen to offer a constant user experience. Without a scroll bar at the page level, the screen adapts itself based on available space on the device.

26 What is the CSS box model, Q26?

The way an element appears on an HTML page with a border and the actual element is called the CSS box model. Padding (property) is the space between the element and the border; margin (pro) is the space between two distinct element boxes.

Q27: In CSS, what is a pseudo class?

Pseudo classes are essentially unique IDs that allow CSS to be applied to items in response to specific user actions or events on the user interface.

choice: pseudo-class� �—CODE

** w3cshools.com has a list of available pseudo classes, such as FOCUS, HOVER, etc.

Question 28: What exactly is JavaScript?

It’s a programming language that the browser can understand. It differs greatly from Java in terms of philosophy, design, and goal.

Case matters in JavaScript
The naming convention that must be used when declaring “functions” and “variables” in JavaScript
The first word should begin with a small letter, followed by a camel cap or the initial letter of the following word in capital letters, for example, Hello World -> helloWorld.

Each and every JS statement should conclude with a semicolon (;)
centered around objects.

Q29: What kinds of JavaScript (JS) are there?

Two varieties of JS exist:

clientele JS: JavaScript code that executes entirely client-side, within a browser. to create online apps that are responsive, such as Angular JS and UIC5.
server-side JS: Server-side JS code is executed. such as Node.JS and XSJS. Server-side programming includes functions like emailing, DB searches, data manipulation, and system status updates.

Q30: What is JavaScript’s (JS) purpose?

Yes. The following uses exist for Java Script:

Verify the information.
Carry out the client’s calculations: Write if, looping, arithmetic, and logical operations in imperative logic.
Examine the circumstances and functioning of the
Speak with the call server
Change the DOM (html)
Runtime CSS changes

Q31. Steps/Techniques to apply JavaScript in the code?

3 ways we can apply JS in the code:

1. Inline JS – code is written at element level
2. Internal JS – code is written at page level inside <script></script> tag.
3. External JS – reference an external file (.js) into your html page,                                           

<script src=“(path of JS file)”></script>

Q32: What are the various JavaScript output functions?

alert(): Show the user Console a popup.log: Print the results to the console document.Write content to take the place of the entire HTML page.innerText: Modify an HTML element Q33’s text. Which pre-defined objects are available in JavaScript?

Two categories of entities:

The term “document” refers to the object of your Document Object Model (DOM), which is the runtime structure of an HTML page. The document object offers numerous methods to access the object of an HTML element or elements, which are represented by reusable methods or classes called APIs, or Application Programming Interfaces.

The single element can be found using document.getElementById (the id of an HTML element is unique).
This is the browser window’s object: document.getElementsByClassName returns a list of all elements by class name; document.getElementsByTagname returns a list of all elements with that tag.

Q34: What is the syntax in JavaScript for creating variables?

Question 35: What is Java Script Object Notation, or JSON?

If an array has to define more than one record, more objects must be added to the array. Java Script Object Notation, or JSON, is the idea behind fusing arrays and objects together.

var myItab = [{“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}, {“prop”: val, “prop”: val}]

Q36: What kinds of JavaScript functions are there?

Two categories of JS functions

1. Anonymous functions (nameless functions)

function(argument, argument) { ^                               

2. Named functions (functions that you have defined yourself)

function functionName(argument, argument){ �                                                                                                  �

Crucial: An argument can be supplied to a function.

var = function(){ ….

Q38: Describe jQuery.

A language is not jQuery. It is a short and efficient JavaScript package that helps you avoid writing lengthy JS code. The idea behind it is “write less, do more.”

The most often used lines of code and methods can be included into application code using jQuery, enabling developers to rapidly accomplish their goals with little to no coding.

This library can be used in two ways:

Get the jQuery plugin, add it to your project, and use it locally.
Internet source cited as CDN (Content Delivery Network)
jQuery Library loading is required. ->

The syntax for using a jQuery library, which is an external JS file, is as follows:

Q39. How to Use jQuery Syntax

the action() of $(selector);

$ – instruct the browser that we’ll be using jQuery
Selector: #id, #className, tagname
Action: method, name of the event, on, css(‘prop’,’val’)
$(selector).action(callBackFunction(), parameters);

What is the Document Object Model, or DOM?

The process by which a browser transforms HTML into a tree data structure is called Document Object Model, or DOM. HTML’s runtime structure in a browser.

To access the internet developer toolbar and developer tool, press F12.

What’s Inline Styling?

All of the elements defined in the tag are styled at the element level or tag level using inline styling. Therefore, it is not possible to apply style to every element if there are several. Then, we employ Internal Style.

Could you explain internal styling?

A selector can be used to apply internal styling to a set of items at once.

One of the two ways to utilize a selector is as a unique identification of an element or elements.

#id: using a specific element’s style

.className: This class name categorizes items or groups of elements; to use it, insert the element inside a

tag.

For instance,

“your element”

tagName: each element that hast level. But wrap the element around a tag with a div tag and use class name.

Can you explain responsive web design?

Web design that automatically adjusts to the size of the screen to offer a constant user experience. Without a scroll bar at the page level, the screen adapts itself based on available space on the device.

What is the CSS box model, Q26?

The way an element appears on an HTML page with a border and the actual element is called the CSS box model. Padding (property) is the space between an element and its border; margin (property) is the space between two distinct element boxes.

In CSS, what is a pseudo class?

Pseudo classes are essentially unique IDs that allow CSS to be applied to items in response to specific user actions or events on the user interface.

choice: pseudo-class{ —CODE** list of accessible pseudo

Q30. What is the purpose of JavaScript(JS)?

Ans. JAVA Script is used for following purposes:

1. Validate the input
2. Perform calculations on client side: Write imperative logic – if, looping, arithmetic and logical operations
3. Check conditions and operations
4. Call server
5. Manipulate DOM (html)
6. Change CSS at runtime

(“id of control”);

2. Using View object when we use MVC architecture (XML Views)

                this.getView().byId(“id of control”);
                this keyword represents the object of current control.

In UI5, how can I construct a control?

How to write a control in syntax:

oControlName in var o = new .sId, sProperties as ControlName;

Keep in mind that the control name is usually capitalized at the beginning. A case of pure camels.

sId: The control’s distinct ID.

sProperties: the UI element’s characteristics or attributes. Every property needs to adhere to the syntax below.

{ propname: “prop val”, propname: “prop val” }

How does a SAP UI5 control define its control hierarchy?

Things to keep in mind when using the SAP UI5 hierarchy

The “extends” keyword in JavaScript is used to denote inheritance.

If a specific class’s property or event is not visible, try looking through its parent class.

How Can I Get Change/Display Functionality and Embed a Fragment Straight into the View?

Define Fragments

Create Fragment XML

What are different methods in a Controller?

The Methods Forming part of a Controller are known as HOOK Methods

onInit() – this method gets called when the object of the controller is instantiated
onExit()-
onAfterRendering()
onBeforeRendering()

What is the purpose of index.html?

index.html is used to: 1. Create object of the view & 2. Add it to the DOM

Procedures for the SAP UI5 framework’s implementation and execution

First, use getControllerName to obtain the controller name.
Step 2: Constructs the Controller’s object
Step 3: Send the Controller’s object to the content (createContent)

Q55: How can I tell the app where your view and controller are located in the root folder?

It is defined by adding the path to the data-sap-ui-resourceroots within the initialization section of the index.html header’s

data-sap-ui-resourceroots=‘{ “rootnamespace” : “./” }’

Naming view & controller

Q57: How can I verify a JSON?

jsonlint.com

In JavaScript, how can I declare distinct views?

core.mvc.sap.ui.ViewType.JS
ViewType.XML sap.ui.core.mvc
JSON-based sap.ui.core.mvc.ViewType
HTML, sap.ui.core.mvc.ViewType

How can I construct a path that connects view elements to JSON data?

For instance, the JSON data below:

{                 “empStr”: {                                 “empNo”: 100,                                 “empName”: “SAPYard”,                                 “salary”: 900,                                 “curr”: “EUR”                 },                 “empTab”: [{“empNo”: 200}, {“empNo”: 300}, {“empNo”: 400}] }

Ede in the future!

In SAP UI5, what does a TABSTRIP control mean?

ICON TAB BAR is used in UI5 to construct a TABSTRIP UI.

The following is how an ICONTAB FILTER is often implemented:

In SAP UI5, what does a TABSTRIP control mean?

In UI5, a TABSTRIP UI is implemented using ICON TAB BAR

A typical ICONTAB FILTER can be implemented as follows:

Use SAP UI5 to implement TABLE CONTROL

A table is a multi-column list control. It is a part of the sap.m library, and you can see that it “extends” the sap.m.ListBase Class in the SDK when you check sap.m.Table. And it has aggregation as “columns” to enable multi-column user interface.

Q102: Which Control endows a Text Control with properties like colors and icons?

Additionally, develop a formatter function in order to attain the “intuitiveness” in the table column:

CREATE

Similarly,

What does SAPUI5’s Fragments mean?

Reusable UI components called fragments are used to modularize user interfaces in UI5 applications. We are dividing up the UI into fragments utilizing the fragments, much like we do with custom controllers in UI5. These parts can be combined or utilized again by different controllers or views. Therefore, the matching controller of the view in which the fragment is declared defines the logic for Fragment Control components. (To hear an explanation with more examples, watch the video.)

How Can a View’s Fragment Be Declared?

Step 1: To call the pop-up fragment, provide an input field for the F4 help. applying the “valueHelpRequest” method

Thus, while integrating sap.m.Dialog into your fragment, make sure to verify the SDK: the

How can a “Page” add a footer?

create

Additionally, when the “Approve” button is clicked, a pop-up message is displayed via the message-box API.

REMEMBER!! Always realize to specify a global variable for the object in order to preserve I/O on the pop-up fragment. This will ensure that the pop-up’s properties are maintained even if user action is taken on it.

.. What is the meaning of a custom control and what does it accomplish?

*** UI Controls / Elements are reusable UI5 components that can be used to customize the UI in many ways.

To accomplish a feature that isn’t included in Standard, you can create your own reusable control by designing it in a different file that serves as a library.

sap.ui.core.Control is the Super Class for all of the controls.

It is employed to create or specify a custom control

In JS, a keyword that denotes inheritance is extends

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Data is arranged using an OData service as entities, which are collections of attributes related by associations. Since these components are similar to those in CDS data models, CDS data models are ideal candidates to be exposed as OData services.

Annotation for OData Service Creation
To build an OData service, use the annotation below.

True @OData.publish

This annotation needs to be written above the define View † statement in the header section of a CDS view.

@AbapCatalog.compiler.compare @AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: ‘Z_C_AIRLINE’True for the filter

AbapCatalog.archiveImportant: accurate

choose from ZAPF_I_AIRLINE to define view ZAPF_C_AIRLINE
{ ………… }
Now let’s add this annotation to the CDS view. Please be aware that just one location throughout the CDS data model requires the implementation of this OData annotation. We have established the primary hierarchical point for the entire data model as the ZAPF_C_AIRLINE consumption view. This annotation will therefore be shown in the main consumption display.

When the CDS view is activated and the OData annotation is applied, an OData service will be built. The OData service for the aforementioned Airline CDS view has now been established and activated. However, the service won’t be accessible for use. The corresponding service must be activated in order for the external system or Fiori application to use it.

The following chapter of this series will go over how to activate the OData service that was created in the previous phase.

In the ever-evolving landscape of SAP, the ABAP Programming Model has become a cornerstone for developing robust and scalable applications. Among the various aspects of this model, OData service generation stands out as a crucial component, especially when it comes to creating seamless SAP Fiori applications. This blog post will delve into the process of generating OData services using the ABAP Programming Model, showcasing how you can leverage these services to enhance your SAP Fiori apps.

1. Introduction to ABAP Programming Model and OData Services

The ABAP Programming Model offers a structured approach to developing applications on the SAP platform, focusing on best practices and design principles. Within this model, OData services play a vital role by facilitating the interaction between the SAP backend and SAP Fiori front-end applications. OData (Open Data Protocol) is a standardized protocol that enables CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations on data entities, making it ideal for building interactive and dynamic user interfaces.

2. Setting Up Your Development Environment

Before diving into OData service generation, ensure you have the following prerequisites:

• SAP NetWeaver Application Server: A robust platform for running your ABAP code.
• SAP Business Application Studio or SAP Web IDE: For development and testing of your Fiori applications.
• ABAP Development Tools (ADT): An essential set of tools for ABAP development.

3. Creating an ABAP Core Data Services (CDS) View

The first step in generating an OData service is to create a Core Data Services (CDS) view. CDS views are essential for defining and exposing your data models in a structured manner.

1. Open ADT in Eclipse and navigate to your ABAP project.
2. Create a new CDS view: Right-click on your package, select New > Other ABAP Repository Object > Core Data Services > Data Definition.
3. Define your CDS view: Use the following template to get started:abapCopy code@AbapCatalog.sqlViewName: 'ZMY_CDS_VIEW' @AccessControl.authorizationCheck: #CHECK @EndUserText.label: 'My CDS View' define view Z_MY_CDS_VIEW as select from my_table { key field1, field2, field3 } This CDS view selects data from my_table and exposes fields field1, field2, and field3.

4. Exposing the CDS View as an OData Service

With your CDS view in place, the next step is to expose it as an OData service.

1. Create a new OData service: Go to the SAP Gateway Service Builder (transaction code SEGW).
2. Create a new project: Enter a project name and description, then click Create.
3. Add a Data Model: Right-click on the Data Model node and choose Import > DDIC Structure. Select your CDS view from the list.
4. Generate the runtime objects: Right-click on your project and select Generate. This step creates the OData service runtime artifacts.

5. Register and Test the OData Service

Once the OData service is generated, it needs to be registered and tested:

1. Register the service: Use transaction /IWFND/MAINT_SERVICE to add your OData service to the SAP Gateway. Enter your service name, and follow the prompts to register.
2. Test the service: Use transaction /IWFND/GW_CLIENT or a tool like Postman to test your OData service endpoints. Verify that the CRUD operations work as expected.

6. Integrating OData Service with SAP Fiori

With your OData service up and running, you can integrate it into your SAP Fiori application:

1. Create a new Fiori application: Use SAP Business Application Studio or SAP Web IDE to create a new Fiori project.
2. Connect to the OData service: In the Fiori project, configure the OData service as a data source.
3. Develop your UI: Build your Fiori app’s UI using the data exposed by your OData service. Utilize SAPUI5 controls to create interactive and user-friendly interfaces.

7. Conclusion

Generating OData services for SAP Fiori applications using the ABAP Programming Model simplifies the process of data interaction between the backend and the frontend. By following these steps, you can efficiently expose your data models and create dynamic, responsive Fiori applications that enhance user experience.

Embracing the ABAP Programming Model and mastering OData service generation will not only streamline your development process but also ensure that your SAP Fiori applications are powerful and scalable. Happy coding!

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Let’s get our application’s data model started. Generally speaking, it is excellent practice to build a package and include the data model that CDS views will construct.

Make a Package
Create a package using the SE80 transaction as shown below;

Build a data model with CDS Views.

Assume for the moment that the airline industry data model exists. The airline industry will own information pertaining to carriers and flight schedules.

Now that we have this bare minimum requirement, let’s get the data model built. Three common database tables are used in this scenario:

SCARR: Airline Details.
SFLIGHT: Information about flights.
Flight schedule information for SPFLI.
We will develop three distinct basic Interface(I_) views using the three standard tables mentioned above.

How to Make CDS Views

Verify that the ADT components are correctly installed in Eclipse and connect the SAP system to the Eclipse environment.
Start generating CDS Views in the created package by performing a right-click on the Package and selecting New -> Other ABAP Repository object, as demonstrated below.

3. The wizard for creating an ABAP repository object will then show up. Enter “Core” as the first character in the wizard’s filter box.

4. Click Next after choosing Data Definition from the filtered list.

Click Next after entering the Name and Description for the data definition.

6. Select Define View, then press the Finish button.

7. The following Data Definition will be created:

Type the SQL View name to be generated in @ABAPCatalog.sqlViewName and replace the data_source_name with SCARR (in our example, this is ZAPF_SCARR in the first line). Next, add the elements that must be visible in the view.

Confirm, save, and turn on the data definition. As stated in the previous chapter, DDL SQL View will be activated after

The essential perspectives are now available. To prepare the data model for the Fiori App, let’s further transform these views into Composite views and additionally construct Consumption views (C_). The data model that we are attempting to create and offer as a Fiori app through an OData service is shown below.
Combined Views.

To create Composite views, let’s execute Association between the Basic views. Join us on the airline (ZAPF_I_AIRLINE) and flight information (ZAPF_I_FLIGHTS) associations. For the remaining views, we then create associations as shown in the Data Model diagram above. The snapshot showing the relationship between the views is shown below.

Views on Consumption

We will construct Consumption views with selection on these composite views and then association on all three Consumption views, much like Composite Views.

n the ABAP Programming Model for SAP Fiori, Core Data Services (CDS) views play a pivotal role in defining and managing data structures. CDS views are essentially SQL-based views that offer a powerful and flexible way to model data in the SAP system. They enable developers to define complex queries and data relationships in a reusable and maintainable manner. By using CDS views, you can enhance data access performance and leverage advanced features like annotations and access control.

Conclusion:

Mastering CDS views is crucial for effective SAP Fiori development. They provide a robust framework for structuring data, which is essential for creating dynamic and efficient Fiori applications. Understanding how to create and utilize CDS views will significantly streamline your development process and improve the performance of your SAP solutions.

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The introduction of business object annotations to Composite interface views is necessary since Basic Interface views must also be reused in other applications. We need to add multiple @ObjectModel annotations to the three composite CDS views in order to construct a BOPF business object based on those views.

We need to add the header level annotations in the Airline root view (ZAPF_I_AIRLINE).

Model @ObjectModel.model@ObjectModel.composition Category:#BUSINESS_OBJECTRoot:actual
@ObjectModel.transactionalProcessingAllowed:actual
The object model writes “SCARR” in the ActivePersistence field.Activated: Yes
@ObjectModel.removeActivated: Yes
@ObjectModel.updateActivated: Yes
describe view ZAPF_I_AIRLINE… {…. }

The list of annotations for BOPF Business Objects is shown below.

Let’s add the BOPF BO annotations mentioned above to our airline model.

On activation of the transactional or business object views, the BOPF runtime will generate a business object together with several structures and table types based on the CDS view field structures. The generated BOPF object has the same name as the
root CDS view, in our case, ZAPF_I_AIRLINE.

To enable our existing consumption views for transactional processing via the generated BOPF business object, we must add some of the @ObjectModel annotations on the header level. To the Airline Consumption view (ZAPF_C_AIRLINE), we must add the annotations given as below

...
@ObjectModel.transactionalProcessingDelegated:true
@ObjectModel.compositionRoot:true
@ObjectModel.createEnabled:true
@ObjectModel.updateEnabled:true
@ObjectModel.deleteEnabled:true
...
define view ZAPF_C_AIRLINE
...
{
...
}

We should mark the view as the root view of our hierarchy node structure by introducing @ObjectModel.compositionRoot: true. Additionally, we must enable all transactional operations separately because they are already known from the Interface views. The only new annotation is the @ObjectModel.transactionalProcessingDelegated: true, which indicates that transactional processing is delegated to the transactional runtime of the underlying view. In our case, ZAPF_I_AIRLINE is the business object and view. Moreover, we must also specify the same association type annotations as in the underlying views, from Airline to Flights Info. and vice-versa.

Additionally, we have to add annotations to Flights Info. Consumption view (ZAPF_C_FLIGHTS) and Flight Schedule Consumption view(ZAPF_C_FLI_SCHED), to enable transactional processing delegation.

...
@ObjectModel.transactionalProcessingDelegated:true
@ObjectModel.createEnabled:true
@ObjectModel.updateEnabled:true
@ObjectModel.deleteEnabled:true
...
define view ZAPF_C_FLIGHTS
...
{
...
}

Once all the BOPF BO annotations are added, our Fiori App will look like below.

Let’s insert data with below details in all three views.

The results of the save procedure are shown below.

We had no trouble saving entities into the appropriate table thanks to BOPF’s assistance. Let’s go into more detail about the other functions that BOPF offers in the upcoming chapters.

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